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Probing the behavioral and neurophysiological effects of acute smoking abstinence on drug and non-drug reinforcement during a cognitive task
(2015)
Acute smoking abstinence is associated with an increase in the value of drug reinforcers (e.g., hypersensitivity to cigarette reinforcement), and a decrease in the value of non-drug reinforcers (e.g., hyposensitivity to ...
Dissecting the mesopontine tegmentum: Contributions of a specific neuronal population to sensory and motor processing
(2013)
The MPT contains many nuclei, two of which are the PPTg and LDTg. These two nuclei are composed of cholinergic, glutamatergic and GABAergic neuronal subpopulations, each with a unique projection pattern and complexity. ...
Circadian modulation of reward via the MT1 and MT 2 melatonin receptors
(2015)
The goal of our research was to investigate the underlying connections between the reward and circadian systems. Diurnal variation in reinforcement-related process has been described in models of place preference, ...
Role of Endogenous Melatonin on the Regulation of Circadian Reentrainment, and Melatonin Receptors and Clock Gene Expression in C57BL/6J Mice
(2015)
Melatonin is synthesized primarily in the pineal gland via the enzymes arylalkylamine N-acetyltransferase (AA-NAT) and hydroxyl-indole O-methyltransferase (HIOMT). The synthesis and release follows a circadian rhythm with ...
Through the eyes of bat flies: Behavioral, phylogenetic, and histological analyses of compound eye reduction in bat flies (Streblidae) provide evidence for positive selection
(2014)
It is often presumed that evolutionary reduction is tantamount to deconstruction, or even destruction, because relaxed selective forces have been insufficient to maintain the organ in its original state. However, studies ...
The Endogenous Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 System is Involved in the Regulation of Fluid Intake
(2015)
Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) is produced in the ileum and the nucleus of the solitary tract. It is well known that GLP-1 influences food intake, but there is a growing literature indicating that GLP-1 also is involved ...
Working memory capacity influences decision making for healthy and unhealthy foods
(2015)
Working memory is an important component of executive function processes that allows one to maintain and manipulate mental information, in addition to controlling attention and directing cognitive resources. Working memory ...
Gender and pubertal differences in cognitive responses to caffeine
(2013)
Background: Caffeine has been found to improve cognitive performance in adults, but few studies have looked at children. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that caffeine improves cognitive ...
Melatonin receptor-mediated modulation of multiple behavioral rhythms in mice
(2014)
High affinity melatonin receptors are expressed in different regions of the central nervous system and modulate processes that can modify behaviors. The goal of our research was to investigate the role of endogenous melatonin ...
Withdrawal periods following extended access cocaine self-administration do not alter drug intake during binge or resistance to punished cocaine self-administration relapse
(2014)
Drug addiction is characterized as a chronic and relapsing disorder which persists despite long periods of abstinence from the drug. Changes in subjective craving for the drug have been reported to increase with long periods ...